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Basis for Allegations of Fraud must be Communicated to the Taxpayer
To avail of the extraordinary period of assessment, theCIR should show that the facts upon which the fraud is based is communicated to the taxpayer...
On Liability of Surviving Corporation for Acts Committed by Absorbed Corporation
The surviving or consolidated corporation shall be responsible and liable for all the liabilities and obligations of each of the constituent corporations ...
On Sufficiency of Ground to Examine Corporate Books and Records
It is well-settled that the ownership of shares of stock gives stockholders the right under the law to be protected from possible mismanagement by its officers...
On Ultra Vires Acts (Ombudsman v. De Guzman)
Considering that the Board of Directors remained silent and the Postmaster Generals continued to approve the payments to Aboitiz One, they are presumed to have substantially ratified respondent's unauthorized acts...
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Villongco v. Yabut – On Disputed Shares and Quorum
For stock corporations, the quorum is based on the number of outstanding voting stocks. The distinction of undisputed or disputed shares of stocks is not provided for in the law or the jurisprudence...
On Failure to Deliver Stock Certificate and Rescission Under Article 1191 | FEGDI v. Vertex
The failure of FEGDI to deliver the stock certificates within a reasonable time was a substantial breach of their contract that gave Vertex the right to rescind the sale under Article 1191 of the Civil Code...
Boundary Dispute and Suspension of Action for Collection of Real Property Tax
It would be unfair to hold Sta. Lucia liable again for real property taxes it already paid simply because Pasig cannot wait for its boundary dispute with Cainta to be decided...
Terelay Investment and Development Corporation vs. Cecilia Teresita Yulo
The Corporation Code does not require any specific amount of interest for the exercise of the right to inspect corporate books and records..
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On Real Property Tax and Boundary Dispute between Local Government Units
The local government unit where the property is situated has the right to collect taxes therefrom. Thus, to determine who has the right to collect taxes, it is necessary to determine the location of the property...
On Doing Business in the Philippines
The appointment of a distributor in the Philippines is not sufficient to constitute "doing business" unless it is under the full control of the foreign corporation...
On Ultra Vires Acts (Ombudsman v. De Guzman)
Considering that the Board of Directors remained silent and the Postmaster Generals continued to approve the payments to Aboitiz One, they are presumed to have substantially ratified respondent's unauthorized acts...
SPID Corp. vs. Ballesteros – On Just Causes and Illegal Dismissal
The burden of proving that the termination of an employee was for a just or authorized cause lies with the employer. If the employer fails to meet this burden, the dismissal is unjustified, thus, illegal...